Effectiveness Education Based on SelfEfficacy for Strengthening Behavior of Foot Care in Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Indonesia

Abstract

A high incidence of foot injuries due to diabetes mellitus (DM) has been widely reported. This condition has several causes, including DM sufferers' tendency to overlook foot care management, despite knowing its impacts. Ignorance by individuals is a critical factor attributed to this condition. Therefore, there is a need for self-efficacy (SE) to increase and strengthen behavior. The aim of the study is to analyze the significance of education based on self-efficacy in strengthening foot care behavior among DM patients. The study used a one group pre-post test design, number population is 112 respondents. A sample size of 51 respondents was selected using purposive sampling. The instrument used was Notthingham Assessment of Functional Footcare (NAFF). The research uses self-efficacy and foot care behavior as independent and dependent variables, respectively. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed test ( = 0.05). The results of this study before education based on self-efficacy, respondents were categorized as follows, good behavior 6 (11.7%), moderate behavior 38 (74.5%), and bad behavior 6 (11.8%). After a 2-week education based on self-efficacy, 47 (92%), 3 (6%) and 1 (2%) respondent had good, moderate and bad behavior, respectively. According to Wilcoxon test results, giving self-efficacy to DM sufferers improves foot care behavior, with p = 0.001 (1.98 2.98, SD = .509-.390, positive rank = 43, mean rank = 22, ties = 8). Conclusion the study is an education based on self-efficacy forms build a strong and good perceptive to support and strengthen the DM sufferers' behavior and prevent diabetic foot injuries.