The Position of Indigenous People and Cultural-Ethic Leadership Based Natural Resources Conflict Mediation In The Context of the Maluku Islands.

Abstract

This research aimed to explore and understand why and how the sources and anatomy of natural resource conflicts experienced by Indigenous-People in the Maluku Islands Context, both horizontally between community communities, and especially vertically through the intervention of State Public Policy and Investors/Companies that have State Permits. In that context, the Role of Ethic-Cultural Leadership-Based Mediation is the Facilitation of Strategic Solutions. This research applied a qualitative approach with action research methods. Data collection used in-depth interviews, observation, documentary studies, FGD, and non-litigation advocacy designs, including 10 years' track record of the author's conscious experience, as the Chairperson of the GPM Synod. The results of the research proved that, the track record of conscious experience in the middle of a dialectical swirl of natural resource conflicts in the long history of Indigenous-people since the colonial era and until the time of Indonesian Independence, proved that: 1) The position of independent-people (Indigenous-Peoples) is always and forever in the position of "losers" in the Vortex of Natural Resources Conflict. At the same time, Indigenous Peoples, as the Subjects of the Constitutional Law of an Independent Indonesia, are faced with a condition of "Resource Curse," so that "multi-faceted" threatens to destroy the "Community Capital Framework" of Indigenous Peoples. 2) Mediation as a form of Advocacy for Indigenous Peoples in facing the "multi-faceted natural resource conflict vortex" position, focuses on the approach: Interactive Problem Solving through Joint-Problem Solving Team Inter-Stakeholders as Neutral Third Party. 3) Cultural-Ethic Leadership becomes the basis for the Mediation Movement Functionally. In that context, the Cultural-Ethic Leadership-Based Mediation Model within the framework of Ecocentric philosophy, spiritual ethics and morals, has become a strategic choice: effective and effective compared to others.