Online Dating Apps and the Rise of Tech-Facilitated Gender Violence: A Mixed-Method Study Among Women Users in Tamil Nadu

Abstract

The proliferation of online dating applications has redefined relationship formation in India, especially in urban and semi-urban regions like Tamil Nadu. However, the convenience and anonymity these platforms offer have also created avenues for tech-facilitated gender violence (TFGV) against women. This mixed-methods study explores the nature, extent, and psychological impact of TFGV experienced by women users of dating apps in Tamil Nadu. Quantitative data from 179 survey respondents were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative insights were gathered through 12 in-depth interviews and analyzed thematically. The findings reveal a significant association between dating app usage frequency and experiences of TFGV. Users reported receiving unsolicited sexual content, facing online stalking, and encountering impersonation. The study also found that most women perceived in-app safety tools as inadequate and lacked awareness of legal recourse. Psychological impacts included anxiety, fear, and self withdrawal. The paper concludes with recommendations for app developers, policymakers, and educators to promote safer digital dating environments for women.